The Politics of Online Reproduction of Shakespeare
The Politics of Online Reproduction of Shakespeare
A field which traditionally easily integrates various media in cultural production and research, Shakespeare Studies has embarked upon remediating the Shakespeare canon online, within the digital culture ethos of collaboration and participation and the politics of accessibility. However, an inherent process of selection, negotiation and framing is employed when digitizing Shakespeare works. By conducting a web sphere analysis of the digital archives websites, I will argue that there are three main strategic directions used by formal institutions in publishing Shakespeare cultural heritage online: using high standards in digitization, creating digital environments and new genres, and creating a community of practice and a digital field of Shakespeare production.
Keywords: digital Shakespeare, digitization, digital humanities, cultural heritage, global Shakespeare
***, The New Renaissance: Report of the Comite Des Sages Reflection Group on Bringing Europe’s Cultural Heritage Online, European Commission, January 10, 2011. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/sites/digitalagenda/files/final_report_cds_1.pdf
Benjamin, Walter. “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction.” Illuminations. Ed. Hannah Arendt. New York: Schocken Books, 2007
Bolin, Göran, Value and the Media: Cultural Production and Consumption in Digital Markets. Farnham, Ashgate, 2011, p.20
Bolter, Jay David and Grusin, Richard. Remediation: Understanding New Media. The MIT Press, 1999
Burdick, Anne; Drucker, Johanna; Lunenfeld, Peter; Presner, Todd; Schnapp, Jeffrey. Digital_Humanities. MIT Press, 2012.
Comisia de specialitate pentru digitizare – pilonul tematic “Biblioteci”, “Ghid de Digitizare – Pilonul Tematic Biblioteci”. Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei, Bucuresti, 2009.
Folsom, Ed. “Database as Genre: The Epic Transformation of Archives.” PMLA, Vol. 122, No. 5, October 2007, pp. 1571-1579
Jenkins, Henry and Clinton, Katie. Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century. Chicago: MacArthur Foundation, 2006
José Manuel Pérez Tornero and Tapio Varis, Media Literacy and New Humanism, Moscow, UNESCO Institute for Information Technologies in Education, 2010
G7. A Shared Vision of Human Enrichment, Chair’s Conclusions to the G7 Ministerial Conference on the Information Society. Brussels, 27 February 1995. Available at http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_ DOC-95 2_en.htm?locale=en
Huang, Alexandra, Global Shakespeares as Methodology, in Shakespeare, Vol. 9, Issue. 3, 2013
Kristeva, Julia. Desire in Language: A Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art. New York: Columbia University Press, 1980
Lathan, Sean, New Age Scholarship: The Work of Criticism in the Age of Digital Reproduction, in New Literary History, Vol. 35, No.3, Summer 2004, p.415
Landow, George P. Hypertext 3.0: Critical Theory and New Media in an Era of Globalization. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2006.
Latour, Bruno and Lowe, Adam. “The Migration of the Aura, or How to Explore the Original through Its Facsimiles.” Switching Codes: Thinking Through Digital Technology in the Humanities and the Arts. Bartscherer, Thomas and Coover, Roderick, eds. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2011
Nicolaescu, Mădălina and Mihai, Adriana, Teaching Digital Humanities in Romania, in CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture, Vol.16, Issue 5, 2014. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.7771/14814374.2497
Prensky, Marc, Digital natives, digital immigrants in: On the Horizon, Vol. 9, Issue 5, 2001, pp.16. Available at http://www.marcprensky.com/ writing/Prensky%20-%20Digital%20Natives,%20 Digital%20Immigrants%20-%20Part1.pdf
The MEDICI Framework, Mission Statement, European Commission, Brussels, 1995. Available at http:// www.medicif.org/mission_statement.htm
Vandendorpe, Christian. From Papyrus to Hypertext: Toward the Universal Digital Library. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2009
Wolf, Werner. “(Inter)mediality and the Study of Literature.” CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture, Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2011
