Cunoaşterea xilogravurii ucrainene în diferite centre tipografice româneşti (sec. XVII-XIX)
The Influence of Ukrainian Woodcuts on Different Romanian Typographical Centers (17th-19th Centuries)
The Ukrainian woodcuts, particularly those accomplished at Kiev and Lviv, reached high values both as the aesthetic and technical aspects are concerned. The influence of the Ukrainian woodcut on the Romanian one contributed to the modernization of national graphic art. The political, ecclesiastical and cultural relations between Romania and Ukraine made their contributions to the development of printing and xylography on the Romanian territory. Among the Ukrainian gifted craftsmen who came to Romania was Ilia A. He decorated Warlaam’s Homiletics (Iasi, 1643) which is one of the most beautiful Romanian books. Ukrainian books were intensely circulated within the Romanian monachal and typographical ambience. The Romanian typographical centers in which the book graphics is directly influenced by the Ukrainian one are: Govora, Cămpulung, Mănăstirea Dealu, Târgovişte, Iaşi, Bucharest, Buzău, Râmnic, Rădăuţi, Blaj, Mănăstirea Neamţ. Therefore 7 centers are from Wallachia, 3 from Moldovia and 1 from Transylvania. In the 17th century there were 7 centers, in the 18th century, 6 and in the 19th century, 2. The Romanian woodcuts of Ukrainian origin were used as models as well, and in that case the Ukrainian influence is indirect.
Keywords: woodcut, typography, Kiev, Lvov, Iaşi, Bucharest, Buzău, Blaj.
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