Consideraţii privind pregătirea intelectuală a episcopilor de Transilvania în Evul Mediu până la 1526
Consideration regarding the intellectual background of the bishops of Transylvania in the Middle Ages up to the year 1526.
The present study aims at proving the fact that the bishops of Transylvania were men of notable culture acquired in the great European universities of the time. The knowledge they acquired was of scholastic nature and eventually humanist, two specific trends of that epoch. The fact that some of the prelates had undertaken academic studies was to be a catalyst of their social and ecclesiastic ascension, which culminated with the ownership of the bishopric. Up to 1526, there existed 14 bishops of Transylvania with academic studies (mentioning that three bishops shepherded both at Oradea and at Alba Iulia). The most attended universities were on the Italian Peninsula, especially Bologna and Padua. This situation accounts for the relative closeness to Rome, the religious centre of the Catholic world, as well as to the specialization in canon law of the Italian universities, their fame of these academic institutions, to the strong bounds between the Italian territory and the Hungarian one, especially during the times of Matthias Corvinus. It is important to consider that the academic studies that the ecclesiastical personalities happened as a major factor of their religious and secular ascension. Many of the bishops were notable humanists, contributing decisively to the outspread of the Renaissance ideas and spirit throughout Hungary and Transylvania. The activity of the academic bishops placed the ecclesiastic life of Hungary in the European pattern of the epoch.
Keywords: Transylvania, bishop, university, diecese, career.
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