Eva Mârza, Tipograful vienez Joseph Lorenz von Kurzböck și cartea românească veche, vector al identității culturale
Publisher Joseph Lorenz von Kurzböck of Vienna and Old Romanian Books
Interference of the Court from Vienna in the cultural and political life of Romanians from Transylvania is a reality much debated in the Romanian historiography, mainly the Transylvanian one. By this study we focused attention on a printing office-publishing house, which during the last decades of the XVIIIth century, made a significant contribution to enriching both laic literature and the ecclesiastic one, to the use of Transylvanian Romanians. The Viennese typographer, who edited an impressive number of books in Romanian, some bilingual, in combination with German or other languages, was Joseph Lorenz von Kurzböck, typographer and librarian of the Court. Followed closely by empress Maria Therese, then Joseph II, Kurzböck was granted the privilege to print books in Romanian with Cyrillic letters on 14 February 1770 for 20 years. We worked up a successful business, becoming a specialized typographer in the Austrian area both for text books, books for children and adults and those for training future teachers. From the first book Bucvar (Primer) appeared in 1771, within his typography were printed 6 books of this type, Cathechisms, Arithmetics, but also practical works such as that of Ioan Molnar, Economia stupilor (Beehive handbook), Rânduiala judecătorească (Judicial organization) etc. On the other hand, he printed Samuil Micu Carte de rogaciuni (Prayer book) and Dissertatio canonica de matrimonio,
and the representative work Elementa Linguae Daco-Romanae sive Valahicae appeared within the same typography. His books, released by permission of his superiors, completed the “Romanian library” from the end of the XVIIIth century under the Enlightenment, projection starting from the cultural centre of Vienna.
Keywords: Joseph Lorenz von Kurzböck, printing house, bookhistory, Transilvania, Vienna, old Romanian bibliography
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