Alegorie şi ficţiune în proza lui Nikos Kazantzakis
Allegory and Fiction in Nikos Kazantzakis’s Narrative
Often compared to the great 20th century novelists, or even with the masters of European realism (such as Tolstoy or Dostoyevsky), Nikos Kazantzakis is a unique writer, impossible to define in the strict terms of literary theory. Influenced by Bergson’s philosophy and also close to the Christian spirit, the Greek author produced several novels (Christ Recrucified and The Last Temptation of Christ) that created an important ideological and aesthetic dispute – and that were strongly rejected by the Church (either Eastern or Western!). Preoccupied with the themes of human salvation and divine revelation, Kazantzakis created a different kind of Christ and, of course, a different world to place his character into. Everything is expressed by means of allegory, these novels expressing a personal understanding of Christian issues. Besides, the author is deeply concerned with the relationship between fiction and truth, discovering that ultimately the artistic truth is the only one that may (even that must!) redeem the entire human race and each individual.
Keywords: allegory, fiction, religion, faith, philosophy, truth.
Nikos Kazantzakis, Hristos răstignit din nou (Christ Recrucified). Traducere şi note de Ion Diaconescu, Bucureşti, Editura Humanitas Fiction, 2008.
Nikos Kazantzakis, Ultima ispită a lui Hristos (The Last Temptation of Christ). Traducere, postfaţă şi note de Ion Diaconescu, Bucureşti, Editura Humanitas Fiction, 2011.
Maurice Cocagnac, Simbolurile biblice. Lexic teologic (Biblical Symbols). Traducere de Micaela Slăvescu, Bucureşti, Editura Humanitas, 1997.
Th. Dimaras, Istoria literaturii neogreceşti (The History of Neo-Greek Literature), Bucureşti, Editura pentru Literatura Universală, 1968.
Patrick Ourednik, Europeana: A Brief History of the Twentieth Century. Eastern European Literature (Europeana: O scurta istorie a secolului XX. Literatura est europeana ), Dalkey Archive Press, 2005.
